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If you are suffering from an emotional problem such as depression, anxiety, obsessive behaviour or repetitive addictions, there is only one place you should start when looking for a solution. Your basic human needs. ¸¸¾à ´ç½ÅÀÌ °¨Á¤ÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦¿¡¼ ¿ì¿ïÁõ, ºÒ¾È, °¹ÚÀûÀÎ ÇൿÀ̳ª ¸¶¾à Áßµ¶°ú °°Àº °íÅëÀ» ¹Ýº¹ÇϰíÀÖ´Ù, °Å±â¿¡¼ ÇØ°áÃ¥À» ã±â ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù ¶§ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Àå¼ÒÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±ÍÇÏÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿å±¸.
It seems obvious, but all too often, when it comes to psychology, common sense goes out the window, and the textbooks come of the bookshelf. ±×°ÍÇÏÁö¸¸, ¸ðµç ³Ê¹« ÀÚÁÖ, ½É¸®ÇÐÀ» ¶§, »ó½Ä ¿À´Â »·ÇÏÀݾƿä, ±×¸®°í Ã¥ÀåÀÇ ±³°ú¼ ¿À´Â â ¹ÛÀ» °£´Ù. Why not leave them there for just now, and ask yourself the following questions... ¿Ö °Å±â¿¡ Áö±Ý ¸·, ±×µéÀ»µÎ°í ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Áú¹®À» ½º½º·Î¿¡°Ô ¹°¾îº¸°í ...
• If you had no petrol in your car, would you be wondering why it won't start? • ¸¸¾à ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÚµ¿Â÷¿¡ ÈÖ¹ßÀ¯´Ù¸é, ´ç½ÅÀº ¿Ö ½ÃÀÛÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä?
• If your garden hadn't seen rain for 6 months, would you be racking your brains about why all the plants had died? • Á¤¿øÀÌÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì 6 °³¿ù µ¿¾È ºñ°¡ º¸Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é ±× ÀÌÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇØ °í½ÉÇϰíÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ½Ä¹°ÀÌ Á×¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ?
Of course not. ´ç¿¬ÇÏÁö. But ask human beings to apply the same objective observation to their own lives and you are setting a much trickier task. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »î¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿Í °°Àº °´°üÀûÀÎ °üÂûÇϸé ÈξÀ ³À̵µ°¡ ÀÛ¾÷À» ¼³Á¤ÇϰíÀÖ´Ù.
Take a look at these two real life case studies from our clinic, and see if you can spot the problem: ¿ì¸® º´¿ø¿¡¼ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸¿Í ½ÇÁ¦ »ýȰ¿¡¼ ºÁ, ±×¸®°í ¸¸¾à ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÚ¸® ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö :
Case Study One: Stressed-Out Sue »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : ½ºÆ®·¹½º - OutÀ» °í¼Ò
''Sue', 23, came to me in a highly agitated state complaining that she felt she was on the verge of 'going crazy.' '' ', 23, ¾¥ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¸Å¿ì ÈïºÐÇØ ºÒÆò »óÅ¿¡¼ ±×³à'ÀÇ °¡ÀåÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¹ÌÃİ¡´Â °Í °°¾Ò´Ù. ' She reported the following problems: ±×³à´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¹®Á¦°¡ÀÖ´Ù :
I asked her about her routine and she told me that she got up at 6.00 am everyday to catch the early train to her job in a busy IT company in the city. ³ ±×³àÀÇ ÀÏ»ó°ú ±×³à´Â ¸ÅÀÏ ¿ÀÀü 6.00¿¡¼ ÀϾ¼ ¸»ÇØÁá¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×³àÀÇ Á÷¾÷¿¡ ¹Ù»Û µµ½Ã¿¡¼ IT °ü·Ã ȸ»ç¿¡¼ ÀÏÂï ±âÂ÷¸¦ Àâ±â À§ÇØ ±×³à¿¡°Ô ¹°¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. The rest of the conversation went something like this: ´ëÈÀÇ ³ª¸ÓÁö´ÂÀÌ °°Àº °£ :
Me : "So you just grab breakfast and get on the train then?" ³¯ : "±×·¡¼ ±×³É ¾ÆÄ§ ½Ä»ç¸¦ µé°í ±âÂ÷¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¾ò´Â °Ç ¹¹Áö?"
Sue : "No I never bother with breakfast, I grab a coffee on the train." °í¼Ò : "¾Æ´Ï, ³ ¾ÆÄ§ ½Ä»ç·Î ±ÍÂú°ÔÇÏÁö, ³ ±âÂ÷¸¦ Ÿ°í Ä¿ÇǸ¦ Àâ¾Æ ¾ßÁö."
Me : "Gosh, you must get really hungry by lunch time!" ³¯ : "¾î¸Ó, ´ç½ÅÀº Á¤¸» Á¡½É ½Ã°£¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹è°íÇÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù!"
Sue : "I don't bother with lunch I just work straight through and eat a sandwich on the train at the end of the day" °í¼Ò : "³ª´Â ´ÜÁö¸¦ ÅëÇØ ±âÂ÷¸¦ Ÿ°í °ðÀå »÷µåÀ§Ä¡¸¦ ¸Ô°í ÇÏ·çÀÇ ³¡¿¡¼ Á¡½É ½Ä»ç¸¦ ÇÔ²² ÀÛ¾÷"¾µµ¥¾ø´Â ÁþÇÏÁö ¸¶
Me : " What time do you get home?" ³¯ : "´ç½ÅÀº Áý¿¡ °¡¾ß ÇÒ ½Ã°£ Àº¿ä?"
Sue : "About 9.00 pm then, to unwind I drink a bottle of wine so I can get a decent night's sleep." °í¼Ò : "¿ÀÈÄ 9½Ã ¾à ±×·³, ³»°¡ ÀáÀ» Àß ¼öÀÖ´Â ±¦ÂúÀº ¿ÍÀÎ ÇÑ º´ ¸¶½Ã´Â ±äÀåÀ» Ç®°íÀÖ´Ù."
Me : "And how long have you been feeling like this?" ³¯ : "±×¸®°í ¾ó¸¶³ª ¿À·§µ¿¾ÈÀÌ °°Àº ´À³¦ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´ø°Å¾ß?"
Sue : "About six months!" °í¼Ò : "6 °³¿ù¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©!"
Me : "How long did you say you'd been in your present job?" ³¯ : "¾ó¸¶³ª ¿À·¡ ´ç½Å Çö Á÷Àå¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¸é ¹¹¶ó°í ÇßÁö?"
Sue : "Wow! It must be around six months now." °í¼Ò : "¿Í¿ì! ±×°ÍÀº 6 °³¿ù Á¤µµ´ÂµÇ¾î¾ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù."
So, Sue was getting up at six, skipping breakfast, skipping lunch, grabbing fast food on the homeward journey and then drinking herself to sleep. ±×·¡¼, ¾¥ 6 ½Ã¿¡ ¾ÆÄ§ ½Ä»ç¸¦ °Ç³Ê ¶Ù, Á¡½É ½Ä»ç¸¦ °Ç³Ê¶Ù´Â, ÆÐ½ºÆ® Ǫµå¸¦ Àâ¾Æ ÁýÀ¸·Î ¿©Á¤À» ±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¸¶½Ã°í ÀáÀ» ºÙ´õ¶ó. At weekends she slept and caught up with friends but usually felt too lethargic to do very much. ÁÖ¸»¿¡ Ä£±¸µé°ú ÇÔ²² ±×³à¸¦ µû¶óÀâ¾ÒÁö¸¸, ´ë°³°¡ ³Ê¹« Àä¾î ¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÒ ¹«±â·ÂÇÏ°Ô ´À²¼´Ù.
I suggested to Sue that continually ignoring our mind and body's basic needs usually has severe consequences. ³ª´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ½É°¢ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸¶À½°ú ½ÅüÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿å±¸¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼Ò¼ÛÀ» Á¦±âÇß´Ù. I suggested that, as an 'experiment' she do the following: ³»°¡ Á¦¾È Áï, ±×³à´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÇÒ '½ÇÇè'À¸·Î :
She also mentioned that she was thinking of asking her boss if she could have one day during the week working from home. I enthusiastically agreed that this was a great idea as she would then have an extra travel free day. ±×³à´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ±×³à´Â ÀÏÁÖÀÏ µ¿¾È °íÇâ¿¡¼ ÀÏÇÏ´Â ±×³à°¡ ±×³àÀÇ º¸½º ÀÏÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ¾úÀ» ¹¯´Â »ý°¢µµ ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù. ³ ¿Á¤ÀûÀ¸·Î º°µµÀÇ ¿©ÇàÀ» ¹«·á·Î ÇÏ·çÇßÀ» ´ç½Ã ±×³à´ÂÀÌ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¶ó°í µ¿ÀÇÇß´Ù.
I saw Sue the following week. °í¼Ò´Â ´ÙÀ½ ÁÖ¿¡ º¸¾Ò´Ù. She was transformed. She beamed at me, looking years younger. ±×³à°¡ º¯½ÅÇß´Ù. ±×³à´Â ³¯ ºÁ, ³âÀº Àþ¾î º¸ÀÌ´Â µÇ¾ú¾î¿ä. She was sleeping better without the alcohol, she was eating regularly and was now working at home on Wednesdays. She said her moods had totally stabilized and she was no longer tearful. This was two years ago. ±×³à´Â ´õ ³ªÀº ¾ËÄڿþøÀÌ, ±×³à´Â Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î À½½ÄÀ» ¸Ô°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø Áý¿¡¼ ÀáÀ» ÀÚ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥ Áö±ÝÀº ¼ö¿äÀÏ¿¡ ±Ù¹«Çß´Ù. ±×³à´Â ±×³àÀÇ ±âºÐÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¾ÈÁ¤À»Çß°í ±×³à°¡ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ´«¹°À» È긮¸çÇß´Ù.ÀÌ 2 ³â ÀüÀ̾ú´Ù.
I bumped into her recently and she told me she was still "checking the oil and water before worrying about an engine breakdown!" ³»°¡ ±×³à´Â ÃÖ±Ù ±×³à´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ "½Å°æ ¼è¾à Áõ¼¼¸¦ °ÆÁ¤Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ¿£Áø ¿ÀÀϰú ¹°À» °Ë»ç´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ±º¿ä ºÎµúÈù!"
Case Study Two: Loner Brian »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ 2 : ¿Ü·Ó ºê¶óÀ̾ð
'Brian' was a single forty six year old mature student and part time free lance illustrator. 'ºê¶óÀ̾ð'´ÜÀÏ 46³â ¼º¼÷ µÈ Çлý ¹× ÆÄƮŸÀÓ ¹«·á ·£½º ÀÏ·¯½ºÆ® ·¹ÀÌÅÍÇß´Ù. He reported feeling miserable and low. ±×´Â ºñÂüÇÏ°í ³·Àº ´À³¦ÀÌ º¸µµÇß´Ù.
On checking his basic needs, it was clear that his diet was fine. ±×ÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿å±¸¸¦ È®ÀÎÇϰí, ±×°ÍÀº ±×ÀÇ ´ÙÀÌ¾îÆ®¸¦ ±¦Âú´Ù°í ºÐ¸íÈ÷Çß´Ù. He also slept well regularly, although seldom felt rested after sleep - a common symptom of depression. ºñ·Ï °ÅÀÇ ´À²¸ ÀáÀ» ÈÄ ÈÞ½Ä - ¿ì¿ïÁõÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Áõ»ó ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ÀáÀ» Àä½À´Ï´Ù.
However it soon became obvious that he had very little social contact. ±×·¯³ª °ð ±× °ÅÀÇ È®½ÇÇÑ »çȸÀû Á¢ÃËÀ»Çß´Ù. He sometimes spent weeks alone working on his course dissertation and on illustration work. ±×´Â ¶§·Î´Â È¥ÀÚ¸¸ÀÇ ¹°·Ð ÁÖ ³í¹®¿¡ ¸Å´Þ ·È¾î°ú ÀÏ·¯½ºÆ® ·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ÀÛǰÀÌ´Ù.
He said he spent a lot of time ''in his own head' and agreed that we all need some kind of contact and a source of stabilization. We looked at ways he could increase social contact and he suggested he started going to bowling again. ±×´Â 'ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¿¡'¸¹Àº ½Ã°£À» ¼ÒºñÇÏ°í ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ¹®ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ÇÕÀÇ¿Í ¾ÈÁ¤ÀÇ ¿øÃµÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇß´Ù. ¿ì¸° ±×°¡ »çȸÀû Á¢ÃËÀ» Áõ´ë½Ãų ¼öÀÖ´Ù ±×¸®°í ±×´Â º¼¸µÀ» ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛ Á¦¾ÈµÈ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹Ù¶ó º¸¾Ò´Ù. There was a regular group he knew pretty well but he hadn't been for months although he used to enjoy it. ÀÌ¹Ì ±×´Â ²Ï Àß ¾Ë°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±×°¡ °³¿ù µ¿¾È »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é ±×´Â ±×°ÍÀ» Áñ±â´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ±×·ìÀ̾ú´Ù. He also decided to begin jogging around the park again as this always lifted his mood (serotonin, a neurotransmitter connected to a sense of well being is increased through exercise) and he enjoyed being recognised and acknowledged by dog walkers in the park. ±×´Â ¶Ç °ø¿ø ÁÖº¯ÀÇ À£ºù ¿îµ¿À» ÅëÇØ ´Ù½Ã Áõ°¡ÇϰíÀÌ Ç×»ó (¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ, °¨°¢ ½Å°æ¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ¾îÀÖ´Â ±×ÀÇ ±âºÐÀ» ÇØÁ¦·Î Á¶±ëÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ·Î °áÁ¤)°ú ±×°¡ ÀÎÁ¤µÇ´Â °³°¡¸¦ ´©¸® °ø¿ø¿¡¼ º¸Çà±â·Î ÀÎÁ¤Çß´Ù.
I suggested he have his lunch in a busy little cafe close to where he lived. ±×´Â ¹Ù»Û ÀÛÀº Ä«Æä¿¡ °¡±î¿î ±×°¡ ¾îµð »ì¾Ò ±×ÀÇ Á¡½ÉÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù. He made these changes and reported later feeling a great deal better. ±×´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º¯°æ »çÇ×°ú ³ªÁß¿¡ ´õ Å« ´À³¦ÀÌ º¸µµÇß´Ù. Whilst not all depressions lift so quickly, in Brian's case the basic need for social support and connection was the main offender in making him feel bad much of the time. µ¿¾È ¸ðµç ¿ì¿ïÁõÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô »¡¸®, ºê¶óÀ̾ðÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Á¦ÀÛ¿¡ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ³ª»Û ´À³¦ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¹üÁËÀÚ¿´´Ù »çȸÀû Áö¿ø°ú ¿¬°áÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ÇÊ¿ä ¸®ÇÁÆ®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
7 Basic Human Needs 7 ±âº»ÀûÀÎ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿å±¸
Apparently, if you chuck a frog into a pan of boiling water, it will hop straight out again. ºÐ¸íÈ÷ÇÏ¸é °ð¹Ù·Î ´Ù½Ã ±×·± °ÍÀÌ´Ù È© ¹°ÀÌ ²ú´Â ³¿ºñ¿¡ °³±¸¸® ô. But if you put him in cold water and slowly heat it up, he will sit there until well and truly poached. õõÈ÷¸é Â÷°¡¿î ¹°¿¡ Áý¾î ³Ö¾îÇÏÁö¸¸, ±×´Â °Å±â¿¡ ¾É¾Æ¼ ±×°ÍÀ» ¿ ¶§±îÁö Àß ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ µ¥Ä£.
Problems due to missing 'basics' in peoples lives tend to develop over time, and so can be easily missed. ¹®Á¦´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ±¹¹Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±âº» ','½ÇÁ¾À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ, ±×¸®°í ³Ê¹« ½±°Ô ³õÄ¥ ¼öÀÖ´Ù. Then, when the problem arises - be it anxiety, depression, addiction or some other nasty - they can't for the life of them fathom out why! ±×·³, ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇßÀ» ¶§ - ºÒ¾È, ¿ì¿ïÁõ, Áßµ¶Áõ ¶Ç´Â ÀϺΠ±×µéÀÇ »ý¸íÀ» ÃßÀâÇÑ ±âŸ - ±×µéÀÌ ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Â ¾ø¾î ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ÁüÀÛ ¿Ö!
It's therefore a great idea to know what your own garden needs in order to grow well, so when you see something starting to wither, you can check your list and apply the necessary nutrients. µû¶ó¼ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â ¹°·Ð, ±×·¡¼ ¹º°¡¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é º¼ ½Ãµé°Ô ¼ºÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ Á¤¿øÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ¿øÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾Ë°íÀÖ¾î, ´ç½ÅÀº ¸ñ·ÏÀ» È®ÀÎÇϰí ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿µ¾çºÐÀ» Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. So here's the list. ±×·¡¼ ¿©±â ¸í´ÜÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¿ä. (At least, our list. If you think we've missed any, do let us know!) ¸¸¾à ¿ì¸®°¡ ³õÄ£ °Í °°´Ù (Àû¾îµµ, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.!)
1. 1. The need to give and receive attention. Çʿ信°Ô ÁÖ¸ñ¹ÞÀ» ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
"No Man Is An Island" "»ç¶÷Àº ¼¶ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù"
Without regular quality contact with other people, mental condition, emotional state and behaviour can suffer quite drastically. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Á¤½Å »óÅÂ, °¨Á¤ »óÅÂ¿Í ÇൿÀ» ÇÔ²² Á¤±âÀûÀÎ Á¢ÃËÀº¾øÀÌ Ç°ÁúÀ» ȹ±âÀûÀ¸·Î °íÅë ²ÏÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. This is often particularly obvious in elderly people who have become isolated. ƯÈ÷ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÚÁÖ °í¸³µÇ°íÀÖ´Â °í·ÉÀÚ¿¡ ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. After days alone, their first contact may be their GP, who sees them for 10 minutes. È¥ÀÚ ÀÏ ÈÄ, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¹ Á¢ÃËÀ» GP¿¡, »ç¶÷Àº 10 ºÐ µ¿¾È ±×µéÀ»º¸°íÀÖÀ» ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
They are highly likely during this short period to appear 'strange' as their thwarted need for attention asserts itself in an outpouring of communication. ±×µéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ','°ü½ÉÀ» ²ø±â À§ÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÃâÀüÇÒ ºÎ¾î ÀÌ»óÇÑ Åë½ÅÀÇ ÀÚü ÁÖÀåÀÌ ÂªÀº ±â°£ µ¿¾È ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô´Ù. If the GP takes this as representative of the patient's general mental condition, they may prescribe drugs, where really a few hours of being listened to would suffice. GP¿¡ÀÌ °°Àº ȯÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Á¤½Å »óÅÂÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ °É¸³´Ï´Ù, ±×µéÀº ¸¶¾à, ¾îµð Á¤¸» ¸î ½Ã°£Àº ÃæºÐ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¾ê±â¸¦ µè´Â ó¹æµÇ°íÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
You may also have noticed this in evening-class attendees who command the teacher's attention all the time, asking seemingly daft questions and not really listening to the answers! ¶ÇÇÑ Àú³á¿¡´ÂÀÌÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù - Ŭ·¡½º Âü¼®ÀÚ ´©°¡ ¹ÌÄ¡°Ô µí Áú¹® ¹× ±³»çÀÇ °ü½ÉÀº Ç×»ó ¸í·ÉÀ» Á¤¸» ´äÀ» µè°í ½ÍÁö ¾Ê¾Æ!
2. 2. Taking heed of the mind body connection. ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¸öÀ» ¿¬°áÀÇÁÖÀǰ¡ ´Ã°íÀÖ¾î.
This is so important, and so often neglected. ÀÌ ±×·¸°ÔÇϰí ÀÖÁö¸¸, Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ³Ê¹« ÀÚÁÖ ¹«½ÃÇß´Ù. Without correct and regular nutrition, sleep and exercise, your psychological state can suffer considerably. Á¤È®Çϰí Á¤±âÀûÀÎ ¿µ¾ç ¼·Ãë, ¼ö¸é°ú ¿îµ¿, ´ç½ÅÀÇ Á¤½Å »óŰ¡ »ó´çÈ÷ °íÅëÀ» ¼ö¾øÀÌÇß´Ù. It is often seen that young people, on leaving home and the structure that provides, succumb to one mental illness or another. Á¾Á¾ ÀþÀº »ç¶÷, °¡Á¤ ¹× Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ±¸Á¶·Î, ÇϳªÀÇ Á¤½Å Áúȯ¿¡ ±¼º¹Çϰųª ¶°³ª´Â ¶Ç º¼ ¼öÀÖ´Ù. Their mealtimes, sleep patterns and other regular habits become disrupted, with predictable consequences. ±×µéÀÇ ½Ä»ç, ¼ö¸é ÆÐÅÏ ¹× ±âŸ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ½À°ü, ¿¹Ãø °á°ú¿Í ÇÔ²² ÁߴܵȴÙ.
It seems that people are increasingly treating themselves as machines! ±×°ÍÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Á¡Á¡ ±â°è·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Ä¡·áÇϰíÀÖ´Â °Í °°¾Æ!
3. 3. The need for purpose, goals and meaning. ¸ñÀû, ¸ñÇ¥¿Í Àǹ̸¦ À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
"The devil will make work for idle hands to do." "¾Ç¸¶°¡ À¯ÈÞ ¼ÕÀ» ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù."
Perhaps the overriding element that sets human beings apart from other animals is the ability to identify, analyse and solve problems. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¿ì¼± ¿ä¼Ò°¡ ¶³¾îÁ® ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°·ÎºÎÅÍ Àΰ£À» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â ´É·ÂÀ» ÆÄ¾Ç, ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Ù. This is what enabled us to develop to where we have. À̰ÍÀº ¹«¾ùÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°í ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾îµðÀÌ ¿ì¸®°¡ Ȱ¼ºÈµÇ¾îÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
If this ability is under-used, the imagination can start to create problems of its own - perhaps in an attempt to give you something to do because it is not occupied doing anything else. ¸¸¾àÀÌ ´É·ÂÀ» ¹Þ°íÀÖ´Ù - »ç¿ë, »ó»ó·Â ½Ãµµ°¡¾ø´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ¹« ´ç½Å ¶§¹®¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Â ¹º°¡ ÁÖ¸é - ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀÚüÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¸¸µé ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Regardless, if a person is deprived of the outward focus and satisfaction created by achieving goals, mental illness is often close behind. ¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ, ¸¸¾à ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ÃÊÁ¡°ú ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇÏ¿© ¸¸µç ¸¸Á·À» ¹ÚÅ»ÀÌ´Ù, Á¤½Å ÁúȯÀ» ÀÚÁÖ µÚ¿¡ °¡±õ´Ù.
The need for meaning is perhaps even more profound. Viktor Frankl's book 'Man's Search for Meaning' documents the impact of lack of meaning on concentration camp prisoners, of which he was one. He says in it that "What is the meaning of life?" Àǹ̿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ伺Àº ¾Æ¸¶µµ ´õ ±íÀºÀÌ´Ù. ºòÅ丣 FranklÀÇ Ã¥ 'Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀǹÌ'¹®¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»öÀºÀÇ ÇÑ Æ÷·Î ¼ö¿ë¼Ò¿¡ ÀǹÌÀÇ ºÎÁ·ÀÇ ¿µÇâ. ±×°¡ ¸»Çϱæ, ±×°Í¿¡¼ "ÀλýÀÇ Àǹ̴ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? " is a question that is asked of you, not one that you yourself ask. ´ç½ÅÀÇ Áú¹®Àº Çϳªµµ Àڽſ¡°Ô ±×·± Áú¹® Áú¹®ÀÌ´Ù. It is a hugely powerful and important read when considering mental health. ±×°ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì °·ÂÇϰí Áß¿äÇÑ Á¤½Å °Ç°ÇßÀ» ¶§ ÀÐÀº °ÍÀ» °í·ÁÇϰíÀÖ´Ù.
4. 4. Connection to something bigger than oneself. Àڱ⺸´Ù ´õ Å« ¹«¾ð°¡¸¦ ¿¬°áÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Tying in with the need for meaning, this basic need provides a context for a person. ÀÇ Àǹ̿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ伺°ú ¹ö¹ÙÀÌ ±âº»ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »ç¶÷À»À§ÇÑ ÄÁÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. It gives them a reason for being, over and above their own personal needs, that has been shown to benefit the immune system, mental health and happiness. ±×°ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ »ì¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦, ±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ÇÊ¿ä ÀÌ»ó, ¸é¿ª ü°è, Á¤½Å °Ç°°ú ÇູÀÌ ÇýÅÃÀ» º¸¿©Áà¿Ô´Ù.
The obvious candidate would be religion, but can also be an idea shared with others, a club, charity work. »·ÇÑ Èĺ¸ÀÇ Á¾±³°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î, Ŭ·´, ÀÚ¼± »ç¾÷À» ÇÔ²² °øÀ¯ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. In fact, anything that takes the focus off the self. »ç½ÇÀº, ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ±× ÀÚü¿¡¼ ÃÊÁ¡ÀÌ °É¸³´Ï´Ù.
5. 5. The need for creativity and stimulation. âÀǷ°ú ÀÚ±ØÀ» À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Learning something new, expanding horizons, improving on existing skills all provide a sensation of progress and achievement. Without this, a person can feel worthless, or that there is no real reason for their being. ¹º°¡ »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀ» ¹è¿ì°í, ÁöÆòÀ» È®´ëÇϰí, ±âÁ¸ ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ÁøÇà »óȲ ¹× ¼º°úÀÇ °³¼± ¼¾¼¼À̼ÇÀ» Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é ¾µ¸ð¾ø´Â »ç¶÷, ¶Ç´Â ´À³¥ ¼öÀÖ´Â ÁøÂ¥ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ °Å±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ½ÅÀÖ´Ù.
6. 6. The need to feel understood and connected. ÀÌÇØÀÇ Çʿ伺À» ´À³¢°í°ú ¿¬°áµÇ¾îÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Tying in with the need for attention, it seems that people have a need to share their ideas, hopes and dreams with others close to them. ¿¡ÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ伺°ú ÇÔ²² ȸÃÊ, ±× »ç¶÷µéÀ» °¡±îÀÌ Çʿ䰡 ±×µéÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î, Èñ¸Á°ú ²ÞÀ» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°ú °øÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °Í °°´Ù. For some, this can be as simple a talking to a loved pet, but for most of us, it requires that we have at least one individual with whom we can converse 'on the same level'. ÀϺΠµé¾î,ÀÌ °°Àº °£´ÜÇÑ ¼öÀÖ´Â ¾Ö¿Ï µ¿¹°À» »ç¶ûÇÏÁö¸¸, ¿ì¸® ¾ê±âÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» À§ÇØ ±×°ÍÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ ´©±¸¸¦ ¿ì¸®°¡ ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Â Àû¾îµµ ÇϳªÀÇ °³º°ÀûÀÎ ÇÊ¿ä¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¼öÁØ '¿¡ ±³Á¦.
7. 7. The need to feel a sense of control. Çʿ䰡 ÄÁÆ®·ÑÀÇ °¨°¢À» ´À³¥ ¼öÀÖ´Ù.
"All your eggs in one basket." ÇÑ ¹Ù±¸´Ï¿¡ "´ç½ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç °è¶õ."
The results of total loss of control over your surroundings, relationships or body are not hard to imagine, and have been well documented. ÁÖÀ§ °ü°è Á¦¾îÇÒÀ̳ª ½ÅüÀÇ Àüü ¼Õ½ÇÀÇ °á°ú´Â »ó»óÇϱ⠾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¿Í Àß ¼³¸íµÇ¾î¿Ô´Ù.
From survivors of torture, to someone losing their job, those who are able to maintain a sense of control somewhere in their life fare the best. °í¹®ÀÇ »ýÁ¸ÀÚ, ´©±º°¡¿¡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á÷¾÷À» ÀÒ°í, ±× »ç¶÷Àº ¾îµò°¡¿¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àλý¿¡¼ ÄÁÆ®·ÑÀÇ °¨°¢À» À¯ÁöÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Â ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ¿ä±Ý. This is why having a variety of interests and activities is so important. ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ °ü½É ºÐ¾ßÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ È°µ¿À»ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾ÆÁÖ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.
Many Needs, One Life ¸¹Àº ¿ä±¸¸¦, ÇÑ Àλý
It may seem that a life that meets all of these needs would be intolerably busy. ±×°ÍÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ðµç ¿ä±¸ »çÇ×À» ÃæÁ· ¹Ù»Û »ýȰ intolerably µÉ °Íó·³ º¸ÀÏ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. But of course, one activity can meet many needs. Charity work for example, could be said to fulfil 1, 3, 4 and 5, and could contribute to 6 and 7. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹°·Ð, ÇϳªÀÇ È°µ¿¿¡ ¸¹Àº ¿ä±¸¸¦ ÃæÁ·ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ÀÚ¼± »ç¾÷, 1, 3, 4, 5À» ÀÌ·çµµ·ÏÇϰíÀÖ´Ù µÉ ¼ö 6°ú 7 ±â¿©ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Walking with a friend as a pastime might go towards 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6. a Ãë¹Ì°¡ °°Àº Ä£±¸¿Í ÇÔ²² »êÃ¥ 1, 2, 3, 5¿Í 6À» ÇâÇØ ´Þ·Á°©´Ï´Ù.
Generally, what this suggests, and what has been borne out by recent research, is that a more complex life is a more healthy one. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î,ÀÌ, ±×¸®°í ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú°¡ ³ª¿Ô´Ù ¹«¾ù¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ºÎ´ã¿Ô´Ù Á» ´õ º¹ÀâÇÑ ÀλýÀ» Á» ´õ °Ç°ÇÑ ÇϳªÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Then if one area of life fails or is taken away from you, your basic needs are maintained, at least in part, by those that survive. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ »îÀÌ ½ÇÆÐÇϰųª µµ¸Á¿¡¼ °¡Á®¿Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐÀº Àû¾îµµ À̵鿡 ÀÇÇØ »ýÁ¸À» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
So the message is... ±×·¡¼ ¸Þ½ÃÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù ...
If your progress through life has gone a bit awry for you or a friend, check if there is petrol in the car, and that the battery is charged before going to a mechanic to have the engine taken apart! ¸¸¾à »ý¸íÀ» ÅëÇØ ±ÍÇÏÀÇ ÁøÀüÀÌ À¯ÃâÇϰųª Ä£±¸¸¦, °¡¼Ö¸° Â÷¿¡ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì, ±×¸®°í ¼öÇ¥ ºñÆ®°¡ »ç¶óÁ³°í ±× Á¤ºñ°ø¿¡°Ô ¹èÅ͸® ¿£ÁøÀ» µû·Î ºñ¿ëÀÌ Ã»±¸µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÃÔ¿µÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù!
For more Roger Elliott articles and resources, click here . ·ÎÀú ¿¤¸®¾ù ´õ ¸¹Àº ±â»ç¿Í ÀÚ¿ø, ¿©±â¸¦ Ŭ¸¯ÇϽʽÿÀ.
Roger Elliott is the Managing Director of Uncommon Knowledge. Roger has created websites for Uncommon Knowledge including the popular Hypnosis Downloads and Self-Confidence UK . ·ÎÀú ¿¤¸®¾ù Àü¹« ÈçÇÑ ±â¼úÀÌ´Ù. ·ÎÀú ÈçÇÑ ±â¼ú Àαâ Hypnosis ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹× ¼¿ÇÁ - Àڽۨ ¿µ±¹À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ âÁ¶ÇϰíÀÖ´Ù. He has gained a reputation for creating original, entertaining and effective training materials. ±×´Â ¿ø·¡Çϰí È¿°úÀûÀÎ ±³À° ÀڷḦ ¸¸µé±âÀ§ÇÑ À§¹® ¸í¼ºÀ» ¸¶°¨Çß´Ù. In addition to maintaining a busy private practice, Roger manages new product development for Uncommon Knowledge and undertakes research into developing areas of psychology. ¹Ù»Û °³ÀÎ ¿¬½ÀÀ» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¶ÇÇÑ, ·ÎÀú ½É¸®ÇÐÀÇ Áö½Ä°ú undertakes µå¹® Áö¿ªÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ ¿¬±¸¸¦À§ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î Á¦Ç° °³¹ßÀ» °ü¸®ÇϰíÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
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